1.5 4G/5G CELLULAR Cellular technology is the foundation of mobile wireless communications and supports users in locations that are not easily served by wired networks. Cellular technology is the underlying technology for mobile telephones, personal communications systems, wireless Internet and wireless web applications, and much more. This section looks at how cellular technology has evolved through four generations and is poised for a fifth generation. I.First Generation The original cellular networks, now dubbed 1G, provided analog traffic channels and were designed to be an extension of the public switched telephone networks. Users with brick-sized cell phones placed and received calls in the same fashion as landline subscribers. The most widely deployed 1G system was the Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS), developed by ATT. Voice transmission was purely analog and control signals were sent over a 10-kbps analog channel. II.Second Generation First-generation cellular ne...

1.3.3 #Computing #platforms and #technologies In #Cloud #Computing 1. #Amazon #web #services (#AWS) AWS offers comprehensive cloud IaaS services ranging from virtual compute, storage, and networking to complete computing stacks. AWS is mostly known for its compute and storage-on demand services, namely Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Simple Storage Service (S3). 2. #Google #AppEngine Google AppEngine is a scalable runtime environment mostly devoted to executing Web Application. AppEngine provides both a secure execution environment and a collection of services that simplify the development of scalable and high-performance Web applications. The languages currently supported are #Python, #Java, and Go. 3. #Microsoft #Azure Microsoft Azure is a cloud operating system and a platform for developing applications in the cloud. There are three types of role: i.Web role ii.worker role iii.virtual machine role. 4. #Hadoop Apache Hadoop is an open-source framework that is s...

1.3 Building Cloud Computing Environments In Cloud Computing The creation of cloud computing environments encompasses both the development of applications and systems that leverage cloud computing solutions and the creation of frameworks, platforms, and infrastructures delivering cloud computing services. 1.3.1 Application development Applications that leverage cloud computing benefit from its capability to dynamically scale on demand. One class of applications that takes the biggest advantage of this feature is that of Web applications. Their performance is mostly influenced by the workload generated by varying user demands. These applications are characterized by complex processes that are triggered by the interaction with users and develop through the interaction between several tiers behind the Web front end. Cloud computing provides a solution for on-demand and dynamic scaling across the entire stack of computing. (a) providing methods for renting compute power, stor...